Showing posts with label industry. Show all posts
Showing posts with label industry. Show all posts

Saturday, September 20, 2014

PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING GROUNDWATER PERMIT FOR INDUSTRIES IN WEST BENGAL

West Bengal has a very good groundwater potential. The reason of such affluence is due to her geographical location, high rainfall, and geological setting. But in recent times groundwater development in some districts in this state has been increased to such an extent that in some areas conditions of near overexploitation has developed. The condition, though not severe yet, has inspired hydro-geologists to think for conservation and sustainable development of groundwater. It has become necessary to assess the state of art and to find ways to augment the resource. Groundwater is not an isolated resource. It is a phenomenon within the hydrological cycle. So depending on the hydro-geological condition, water level condition, and stage of development proper measure for control of groundwater exploitation should be undertaken.
Now groundwater in West Bengal has now become a precious commodity. New industries are coming up in west Bengal, who will also be more dependants on groundwater. So the Act is a very timely intervention of the Government in proper management and conservation of the precious natural resource. It has become a great task of the implementing agency to carry on with it. 
Initially the groundwater Act 2005 was extensive and covered all types of structures that exploit groundwater through mechanical pumping devices. But recent changes have spared the farmers from obtaining permit. So the Act is now being implemented upon industries that are willing to use groundwater for their production or other uses in the industrial areas.
Some significant changes are made to the procedures for obtaining permit, though the main protocols, like submission of application, depositing permit/ application fees, and the authority who will receive the permit have not been changed.
There are two authorities:
1) the District Level Authority or the DLA, where the District Majistrate of the respective district is the chairman and the Geologist in charge of the district level offices of State Water Investigation Directorate (SWID) is the member secretary and the key technical person. The DLA has 10 to 12 maembers from the line departments and the Zilla Parishad who will initially examine the application.
2) The State level authority (SLA) gives the final vetting of the application. The Superintending Geologist of SWID is the member secretary and the Director SWID is the chairman of the SLA. There are other members of the Expert Committee from departments like, PHED, CGWB, Agriculture, Irrigation, Minor Irrigation etc.
The basic procedures for obtaining the permit are:
1.       Apply in plain paper to the DLA and collect requisite number of application forms from the DLA. The format of the form is available at  http://www.howrah.gov.in/Templates/swid/FORM%20I%20-%208%20TO%2010.pdf
2.       Fill up the form (it is a bit complicated) collect all required documents and information and get treasury challan form (TR 7). You can download the form here http://birbhum.gov.in/try2/9TR_Form_No_7.pdf
3.       Fill up the treasury challan and visit the geologist of your district (where the industry will come up). 4 copies of TR form will be required for each application.
4.       The Geologist (the member secretary of the SLA) will sign on your TR form.
5.       You will then have to deposit the application fee (Rs. 500) to the State Bank of India branch of the district. The Bank will return 2 copies of the TR form.
6.       You now come back to the DLA office and submit the Application form along with the TR form and the relevant documents.
7.       The member secretary will examine the form, your water requirement, visit the location of the propose tubewell, prepare a note on the hydrogeological condition of the site, the merit of the application and place it to the DLA meeting.
8.       DLA if satisfied forward the application to the SLA with their recommendation.
9.       Your Case will be discussed in the SLA meeitng and a high power committee will examine your case. If they are satisfied they will vet the case and instruct the DLA to issue the permit.
10.    The DLA will issue a letter of information to the applicant. The applicant will again submit Rs. 1000 as permit fee to the bank. Come back to the geologist and receive the permit.
 The documents required: (not limited to)
1.       The application form duly filled in.
2.       DPR of your Industrial Project + proof of ownership of land
3.       The mouza map of the area showing the location of the proposed tube well.
4.       Your detailed break up of water use.
5.       You detailed plan about how you are going the get the required water, the quantity and source
6.       Your water conservation plan
7.       Your rainwater harvesting plan
8.       Details of water harvesting structures ( no groundwater recharge in industrial area is allowed by the West Bengal Pollution Control Board)
9.       Location of the RWH ponds will have to be shown in the mouza map and also in the proposed layout plan.
10.    A declaration in plain paper that you will maintain the RWH ponds as long as the plant will be there.
11.    You will have to keep the existing ponds in your plant, but if you wish to fill it you will have to take necessary arrangements fos alternative pond excavation and conversion of the pond land.
12.    Your CSR activities related to groundwater conservation and augmentation.
13.    A hydro-geological feasibility report of your proposed plant area (buffer zone) to support your demand.
14.    Impact analysis of the whole operation of groundwater extraction.

FOR MORE DETAILS VISIT MY PROFESSIONAL PAGE

Tuesday, April 12, 2011

WATER FOOTPRINT OF LEATHER INDUSTRY IN INDIA

Not only agricultural products contain virtual water – most studies to date have been limited to the study of virtual water in crops – but industrial products and services also contain virtual water. Leather industry is one of such industries that produce such products which have a very high value of virtual water. Similarly it also experiences a large water footprint.
The virtual water from feed, drinking and servicing is integrated over its life span to get the total virtual water content of a live animal, which is 5252 m3/animal. As the live weight of the animal is 0.545 ton, the virtual water content of bovine cattle in Canada is equivalent to 9636 m3/ton of live animal and if an animal ready to be slaughtered is traded alive the total virtual water traded is about 9636 m3/ton. The primary products of the animal are the carcass, offal, semen and raw skin. The virtual water contents of these primary products are calculated as:
• carcass 16100 m3/ton
• offal 9100 m3/ton
• semen 378800 m3/ton
• skin 14100 m3/ton
Leather industry deals with the skin and virtual water of its primary raw material is 14100m3/ton. Water footprint of a leather industry depends on its intake of raw materials and the quantum of its products. Normally leather consumes 30 m3 of water per ton of leather in the process. Out of this 2 m3 is actually consumed and 28 m3 is released into environment as waste water. This waste water contains high amount of toxic chemicals that ultimately adds to the gray water footprint of the industry. For the tanned leather from a bovine cow it costs about 16000 cubic meters of water per ton of leather considering the quantum of gray water footprint and water used for other utilities. The grey WF is calculated as the volume of water that is required to dilute pollutants to such an extent that the quality of the water remains above agreed water quality standards (Chapagain et al., 2006b).
India being a very large and potential producer of leather and leather goods Indian leather industry has a very high water footprint. By exporting leather and leather goods India exports a very high amount of virtual water. This amounts to approximately 6960 Mm3 of virtual water in 2010. The table 1 shows the present leather export of this country in 2010 (source: India Leather Portal).
Table1: India’s export figure on leather and leather goods in 2010

ITEM CAPACITY
Hides 65 million pieces
Skins 170 million pieces
Leather Footwear 909 million pairs
Leather shoe uppers 100 million pairs
Leather Garments 16 million pieces
Leather Goods 63 million pieces
Industrial Gloves 52 million pairs
Saddlery & Harness 12.50 million pieces


The water requirement of 2010 and projected water requirement in 2025 in leather industry is given in table 2.

Table 2: water requirement of leather industry in India

Water requirement in 2010 65.74 Mm3/ day
Water requirement in 2025 93.08 Mm3/ day

In India leather industry mostly depends on the groundwater resources and a part of the waste water is still being discharged into the environment causing serious environmental and human health hazards. Now time has come that industries including leather should take up some proactive measures to mitigate all adverse environmental situations.